생화학분자생물학회

	Tae-Don Kim( tdkim@kribb.re.kr )
	2015-present	Professor, Dept. of Functional Genomics, KRIBB UST, South Korea
	2014-prestent	Principal Investigator, Immunotherapy Research Center, KRIBB
	2009-2015	Associate Professor, Dept. of Functional Genomics, KRIBB UST
	2009-2011	Visiting Scientist, School of Medicine, University of Washington, USA
	2008-2014	Senior Researcher, Immunotherapy Research Center, KRIBB
	2005-2008	Post-Doc., Dept. of Life Science, POSTECH, Korea
	2005	Ph.D., Dept. of Life Science, POSTECH, Korea

Understanding Nucleic Acid Sensing and Its Therapeutic Applications

Nucleic acid sensing is involved in viral infections, immune response-related diseases, and therapeutics. Based on the composition of nucleic acids, nucleic acid sensors are defined as DNA or RNA sensors. Pathogen-associated nucleic acids are recognized by membrane-bound and intracellular receptors, known as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which induce innate immune-mediated antiviral responses. PRR activation is tightly regulated to eliminate infections and prevent abnormal or excessive immune responses. Nucleic acid sensing is an essential mechanism in tumor immunotherapy and gene therapies that target cancer and infectious diseases through genetically engineered immune cells or therapeutic nucleic acids. Nucleic acid sensing supports immune cells in priming desirable immune responses during tumor treatment. Recent studies have shown that nucleic acid sensing affects the efficiency of gene therapy by inhibiting translation. Suppression of innate immunity induced by nucleic acid sensing through small-molecule inhibitors, virus-derived proteins, and chemical modifications offers a potential therapeutic strategy. Herein, we review the mechanisms and regulation of nucleic acid sensing, specifically covering recent advances. Furthermore, we summarize and discuss recent research progress regarding the different effects of nucleic acid sensing on therapeutic efficacy. This study provides insights for the application of nucleic acid sensing in therapy.

Exp Mol Med. 2023 Nov;55(11):2320-2331. doi: 10.1038/s12276-023-01118-6.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37945923/